#1 Border Collie
Border Collie, breed of herding dog from Great Britain. This breed is named for its use by sheep and cattle farmers in the border counties of England and Scotland. The ancestors of the border collie were reindeer-herding dogs brought to Scotland by the Vikings. Eventual crossbreeding between these dogs and Scottish sheep dogs produced the border collie.
#2 Poodle
Poodle, breed of dog, believed to have originated in Germany as a water retriever. It appeared in various parts of the world long ago; bas-reliefs dating from the 1st century in southern Europe represent such an animal. Although the poodle has been particularly popular in France since the beginning of the 19th century, its intelligence and adaptability have made it a universal favorite.
#3 German Shepherd
German Shepherd Dog, breed of herding dog, which originated in northern Europe several centuries ago. The dogs were originally used to protect flocks of sheep and are still used for this purpose.
#4 Golden Retriever
Golden Retriever, breed of dog, originated in Scotland about 1865 from a cross between a yellow wavy-coated retriever and a tweed water spaniel. The dog was originally bred to retrieve wild fowl from cold water or heavy vegetation. Its keen nose and biddable temperament have expanded its range of usefulness; it is now used also as a guide dog for the blind and for the detection of narcotics.
#5 Doberman Pinscher
Doberman Pinscher, breed of working dog that originated in Apolda, Germany, where it was first bred about 1890 from the German shepherd dog, the Rottweiler, the black and tan terrier, and the German pinscher. The Doberman pinscher is named after its first breeder, Louis Dobermann, a watchman who developed the dog to help him with his guard duties. It was employed at first as a watchdog and later was trained to act as a police dog and a war dog.
#6 Shetland Sheepdog
Shetland Sheepdog, breed of small herding dog, developed to herd the diminutive sheep of the Shetland Islands. Bred from rough-coated collies (see Collie) and other small dogs, especially the spaniel, “shelties” stand only 33 to 41 cm (13 to 16 in) and weigh about 7 kg (about 15 lb). In all respects other than size, however, they generally resemble the rough-haired working collie.
#7 Labrador Retriever
Labrador Retriever, breed of sporting dog, trained to discover and fetch killed or wounded game, principally aquatic birds or pheasants. The breed originated in Newfoundland, Canada, at some unknown time and was imported into England early in the 19th century. It was known as a type of Newfoundland dog until about 1887, when it received its present name, probably to distinguish it from various types of Newfoundland dogs used as retrievers. The Kennel Club of England recognized it as a separate breed in 1903.
#8 The Papillon
Papillon (French, “butterfly”), breed of toy dog, so named because of its ears, which in some varieties resemble the wings of a butterfly. The breed originated in Spain and Italy and from there was introduced into France. Known by the 16th century as the dwarf spaniel, the dog was extremely popular and was often represented in the paintings of the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens and his French followers, Jean-Antoine Watteau, François Boucher, and Jean Honoré Fragonard.
#9 Rottweiler
Rottweiler, breed of working dog, probably descended from a herding dog used by the Roman armies to drive their cattle and to guard their camps. From the early Middle Ages until the mid-19th century, drover dogs of this type were used in southern Germany. They were especially connected with the market town of Rottweil, hence their name.
#10 Australian Cattle Dog
Australian Cattle Dog, breed of herding dog. Sturdy, alert, and highly intelligent, this dog was developed in Australia in the 19th century to work cattle. The dogs stand 43 to 51 cm (17 to 20 in) at the shoulder and have erect ears, slightly curved tails, and dense short coats that range from red-spotted to blue-spotted white in color, sometimes with black and tan markings. The breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1980.
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